 Cast iron resistors
Application
GINO cast iron resistors are used in drive engineering in combination with motor starters or contactor controls for the starting and stepping of three-phase slip-ring rotor or three-phase motors. They can also be applied as slip, series or load resistors. Cast iron resistors are characterized by their high overload capacity and are mainly used for short-term or intermittent operation.
Systems
GINO GmbH is the only manufacturer of cast iron resistors who manufactures and supplies nearly all standard systems used on the European market as well as spares for superseded models from AEG, BBC, ABB and others. All systems supplied by Siemens to date are completely available. For new units, only the systems GINO and Siemens 3PR3 should be used.
Standards
The units comply with the applicable specifications of VDE regulations VDE 0100 and VDE 0660. They conform to the EEC Low Voltage Directive of 19 February 1973.
Protection classes
Pursuant to DIN 40 050/IEC 144 IP00, IP10, IP13, IP20, IP23 are available depending on the system in question.
Operating modes
- Short-term operation, with subsequent cooling down
- Intermittent operation with regular On/Off time ta/tr, indicated as the cyclic duration factor in %.
- Continuous operation
Insulation
The rated insulation voltage is 1500V AC/1800V DC at a pollution degree of 3 pursuant to VDE 0110.
Resistance to climatic changes
GINO cast iron resistors are resistant to climatic changes pursuant to DIN 50 010 T1 and suited for indoor and outdoor installation at varying condition of condensation without protection against weathering at low pollution impact. The admissible ambient temperature ranges from -25 to +45°C and the units can be operated at elevations of up to 1000 m above the sea level.
At higher temperatures or higher altitudes, the load carrying capacity and/or the rated voltage must be reduced as a function of the operating mode KB/AB/DB or the installation altitude.
Applications
GINO cast iron resistors are applied in the following systems:
Oil starters
Oil-cooled starters are starters with resistor elements mounted in transformer oil. The starting steps are switched using contactor-type starters that are controlled via time relay or PLC as a function of the power or speed and that can be replaced individually in case of a malfunction.
Braking resistors
Braking resistors transform the energy of driven masses by electrically braking the motor propelled by kinetic energy.
Load and testing resistors
Load and testing resistors act as a substitute for the consumer in the presence of energy sources. They are used for testing and for checking batteries, transformers, generators, power generators and power supply units. They can be used to simulate operating conditions to test the performance capacity of energy supply systems.
Grounding resistors
Grounding resistors limit any ground fault current to a maximum admissible value until the corresponding protection facilities have switched off the defective circuit.
Damping resistors
Damping resistors are resistors that have the task to limit the current in a power circuit or prevent inadmissibly high current or voltage peaks. Particularly those resistors used in filter circuits are called damping resistors and are switched in parallel to the reactance coils to dampen them: The resistor takes on the voltage peaks that form in the reactance coil thereby preventing inadmissible voltage surges. It reduces the circuit quality thus resulting in a larger filter bandwidth.
Transport Engineering, train resistors
Particular demands in terms of the electrical and mechanical load carrying capacity and operational safety, low maintenance and long service life are made on resistors for applications in transport engineering.
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